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A Comparative Study of Job Stress of Government School Teachers and Private School Teachers

Introduction:

In our first paced society stress is very common. Now in a day all the people of world are suffering stress in work/job it may be job in work place or outside work place. Stress is unavoidable characteristic of life and work. In modern world stress has become pervading feature of people’s life despite tremendous advancements in sciences and technology. Selye (1956) defined stress as “non-specific responses of the body to any demand made upon it stress at work resulting from increasing complexities of work and its divergent demand, has become a prominent feature of the modern organizations.

Occupation stress can be defined as the “harmful physical emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources or need of the worker” (Sauter and Murphy, 1999). Performance is defined as the outcomes and accomplishments valued by the organization or system that one works in. Each individual is exposed to a range of stressors both at work and in their personal lives which ultimately affect his or her performance. Pressure at work can be positive leading to increased productivity. However, when this pressure becomes excessive it has a negative impact. The individual perceive themselves as being unable to cope and not to possess the necessary skills to combat their stress. Stress is acknowledged to be one of the main causes of absence from work (Mead, 2000).

The occupational stressors can be categorized into four major groups. Firstly, the working conditions, including shift and week-end work, inadequate remuneration, hours of work, discrimination and safety at the work environment. Secondly, relationships at work including quality of relationships with peers, subordinates and supervisors. Thirdly, role conflict and ambiguity including ill-defined role, functions, expectations and duties. Fourthly, organization structure and climate which includes communication policy and practice, major changes in the workplace, culture of the organization and lack of participation in division making. Another cause is career development including underutilization of skills or failing to reach full potential. Another contributing factor is the nature of the job which might amount to an immense amount of physical and emotional exhaustion (Parikh & Taukari, 2004).

Thus nobody people are free from stress in the world. But in that case stress at job place is a crucial matter in present world. The nature of work has gone through drastic changes over the last century and it is still changing at whirlwind speed. They have touched almost all professions. Job stress may be caused by a complex set of reasons; some of the most visible causes of work place stress are job insecurity, high demand for performance, technological changing and job place culture, personal and family.

The main objective of this study is to investigate to some factors affecting the job stress of the respective employees.

Objective of the study:

  1. To study the job stress of employees.
  2. To study the job stress of government school teachers and private school teachers.
  3. To study the job stress of experiences of employees.
  4. To suggest the way for management of the stress.
Hypothesis:-
  1. There is no significant mean difference between the mean of the score of job stress of government school teachers and private school teachers.
  2. There is no significant mean difference between the mean of the score of job stress of still five years experience and above five years experience of teachers.
Method:-

Sample: - In accordance with the aim of the research totally 60 female teachers were randomly selected in Amreli district area. 30 government school female teachers and 30 private school female teachers.

Tools:- Two tools were used for the present research they are,

1. Personal data sheet :-
A personal data sheet was prepared to collect the information from the person under experiment. The personal data sheet contains detail about age, income, type of family, job experience types of job etc.

2. Job stress scale :-
In this study job stress scale developed by A. K. Srivastav and A.P. Singh was used to measure job stress of employees. There are five options in this scale. In this scale minimum ‘46’ score and maximum ‘230’ score can be got. Here for the level of job stress interpretation. Higher score has high and lower score has low job stress. There was no time limit for this scale.

Statistical analysis:-

To analyze the achieved data, the following statistical devices were used,
1. Mean
2. Standard deviation
3. ‘t’ - test

Result and Discussion:

The aim of the present study was to study stress of job stress of government school teachers and private school teachers. The collected data is given in the following table.

Ho.1 There is no significant difference between the mean of the score of the job stress of government school teachers and private school teachers.

Table-1
Showing the summary of ‘t’ – ratio of the job stress of
Government School teachers and private school teachers.


Sr.

Particular

N

Mean

SD

‘t’
ratio

Significant
level

1

Government School teachers

30

142.27

3.92

6.35

0.01

2

Private School teachers

30

176.93

3.82

                                                                         N.S. = Not significant

The above table shows that the numbers of government and private school teachers are 30. The means of the job stress of government and private school teachers are 142.27 and 176.93 respectively. ‘t’ test is found 6.34 which shows the difference of 0.001 at the level of significance.

The mean of the scores of job stress of private school teachers is more than that of the government school teachers. That’s why the fact of hypothesis is unaccepted and it can be said that there is a significant difference between the job stress of government and private school teachers.

Ho.2 There is no significant difference between the mean of the score of the job stress of still five years and above five years of government school teachers and private school teachers.

Table-2

The table showing the summary of ‘t’ – ratio of the job stress of
Government School teachers and private school teachers.

Sr.

Particular

N

Mean

SD

‘t’
ratio

Significant
level

1

Still five years

33

162.09

26.59

0.78

N.S.

2

Above five years

27

156.56

28.04

The above table shows that the numbers of still five years and above five years of teachers’ experiences are 33 and 27. The means of the job stress of the still five years and above five years of teachers’ experiences are 162.09 and 156.56 respectively. ‘t’ test is found 0.78 which shows the not significant difference between still five years and above five years of teachers experiences. That’s why the fact of hypothesis is accepted and it can be said that there is no significant difference between still five years and above five years of teachers’ experiences.

Conclusion:
1. The job stress of private school teachers is more than that of the government school teachers.
2. There is no significant difference between still five years and above five years of teachers’ experience.

Reference:

  1. B.D.Dhila and L.R.Yagnik and Chothani, (2005)
    - Research methodology, first addition, akshar publication – Ahmedabad.
  2. A.K.Srivastav and A.P.Singh, - development job stress scale.
  3. Research method and prosses (6th addition) Uni.Granth.Nirman.Board.
  4. Parekh B.U. - Statistics
  5. Patel M.K.- Stress emotions copping and health – Sau.Uni.Rajkot.

*************************************************** 

Dr. Manish P. Shukla
G. M. Bilakhia college of Arts - Vanda

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